Art of knitting fabrics.



R. W. SCOTT.

ART or KNITTING FABRICS. APPLICATION FILED Junge, '1912.

Patented Apr.14,1914.

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merrain 4simens refinar REERT W'. SCOTT, Ol? BSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSGNQR NEW ZGB/K, A CORPQEATXON QF .NEVI YQRK.

FABRIC CQMPANY, F UTIC,

aar or Knrrrwersfenrca l incassa application met rune ae, ma sensi ne. )messa To all 'whom t may concern Be it known that l, ROBERT l/Y, SCOTT, e citizen of the United States, and resident of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and uqsetul Art of Knitting Fabrics Having Long and Short Loops, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to amethod of knitting, which may be'practised by hand or upon any of a great variety of machines, such for instance as the machines shown in my oopcnding applications tiled July 15, 1909, Serial Number 507,779 (Letters Patent llo. 1,034,521, dated Au ust G, `1912) and tiled J une 2S, 1911, Serial gNumber, 635,880,

.(Letters Patent No, 1,063,743, dated June 3,

1913) although it will' be understood that my present invention is independent oany particular machine, or of the genus of machines of vwhich' those shown in said applications areA particular species, residir-r rather in a certain order of operations ,todo Lperformed upon the component yarn or' yarns,

during the making of an ordinary knit web,

to vary the structure of the Web, for instance in such a nanner as to produce the fabric upon which was granted my Patent Number' 928,221, dated July 13, 1909, which fabric is a product of cach of the forms of the said machines disclosed in said applications. It will further be evident that said patented y fabric may be made by many different-procedures, such as the device of alternately drawing long and short loops by long and short. draft needles, 1n the new or last- 'ormed courses, as disclosed in said patent,

and that my present invention relates to an improved and dildercnt art of accomplishing the saine result, which I Will proceed to describe in detail, and then point out in the claims.

ln the accompanying drawings Figures 1 to 5 are views of the bacl side of a fabric resulting from the steps taken in the practice of my invention, showing in diagram the successive stages in the making thereof.

Fig', 1 shows a course a of plain fabric lnut in successive Wales 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 0, 7, and 8.

'lho order of the numerals may represent lthe order 1n which thevloropofwthe course Were formed, but it 1s not essential tothe prac tico of my invention that the loops should be so formed, as in some cases Where my in- YBHOB iS to be carried out on 'certain varieties of straight or dat-bed knitting machines,

vFil;- 1 may be taken as representing the result at a time prior to the casting* therefrom of any of the loops of said course but it will be understood that it' said instruments are the needles of an independent :needle machine, itis Within the scope of my invent-ion to form theloops of the course t, and other following courses successively in one Wale .after-another. In order to produce the systematic elongation in course Z) of the loops Yoccupying the even numbered wales, lfv now proceed to form a third drawn throu h the loops of the course Z1 in i the odd num ered wales only. The forniation of this coursecmay be successive, the direct-ion of Wale 1 to Wale 8. It is essential however that no loop in course c shall at this time be formed in the even numbered wales, in order to permit the next step in the operation, which consists in casting the loops of the course Z), in the odd numbered Wales only, from the instruments upon which they were formed on to the neck of the loops of course c. The purpose of this operation is tovfree the loops in recurrent Wales, for instance the loops in the odd numbered wales, of the course ZJ, to permit the withdrawal from them of some of their yarn, in order to enlarge the intervening or neighboring loops y in said course ZJ, as for instance in the even numbered Wales.

A convenient method oi' performing the steps above outlined is to feed the yarn for the course c to all of the needlesor other course c which is instruments, and then to operate onlyv those instruments which produce the wales oi' loops, in thiscourse the odd numbered Wales1 containing that loopivhich is thereafter to become a short loop s in the next preceding course b. The instrumentsfor knittin the even numbered Wales (by-l 'which it w11 bey understood that I merelyrefer to the ne# rmaining wales of the fabric, since it is evident that the shorter stitches may be made in groups, or in irregular alternations of Wales) are now operated to draw upon -the yarn loop in the course b, which hasnot yet been cast from tliem,in order to take more yarn into the loop y in the course b at the expense of the neighboring loops As one group only of many di'erent means capable of performing this step inthe operation, any of the devices disclosed in my machine applications Serial Ns. 507,779 and 635,880, may beemployed,A as for instance those devices fon-lifting some of the inde endent needles partly out of the grooves which they occupy 1n their carrier. Ihe special formation of the course b is now complete,` as shown in Fig. 3, and it will be noticed that' in the steps of the method outlined said course was formed by first drawing its individual loops' to a normal and even length, simultaneously or successively, 11i each Wale; that thereafter a second course c was formed on some only ofthe loops -of the course .b andthe corresponding loops of the course b were y.cast oi in said wales to free them from the instruments on Which they Were formed,

that thereafter the remaining loops y of th'e second operation.4 is being' performed at an-,

course b, were drawn upon, prior to knitting through them, or simultaneously with the knittingthrough them, of the remaining loops of' the course c, to elongate the stitches y of the previous course b at the expense of the stitches a' of the same course.,

Fig, 3 shows the state of the particular fabric chosen for thepurpose of illustration after the operation of enlarging the loops in the course b by drawing upon them in the direction of the arrows in Fig. 2. has been carried out. Fig. 4 shows'the appearance of the course cafter the operation of the instruments at the even numbered Wales to draw or knit the loops.. of the course 0' through. the now Ik"enlarged loops of the course b.

rio far as described the operation has resuited in one course having ,alternate long land short loops. I may permit.' the course then following said tight 1and loose course f' to remain normal, or I may repeat the operation With respect to the same 'wales as were aiiected in the case of the'c'ourse'l 5,'fbutb-I prefer to again carry out--the operation withi respect to the coursegc, in a different order of Wales,`to stagger or alternate the occurrence of the enlarged loops as, disclosed in my fabric Patent No. 928,221 referred tov above. To this end, the step illustrated in v Fig. 5' is carried out, said'"step consisting in forming a course d in' the same 'manner as that described in ,connectionWitluiFig. 2" and the course c except that the loops inathe course cl are cast oit' in the even numbered f f to permit the odd numbered loops in ,i course c to .be stretched and ,enlarged y said course.

at the expense of the even numbered, loops in` A fourth course e ,is now 'formed in the same manner as the course 0' l in order to permit the stretching ofth loops in the even numbered walesin the course d It; will be evident that in the operations above indicated the 'steps (1)' casting off the ,alternate loops of a previous course onto a new loop and (2) stretching the` intervening loops to take some of the'yarn from either simultaneously, as described, or successively, as by first performing 'the yfirst step with respect to the Wales 1, 3, 5, 7,

fete., and thereafter performing the second operation with respect to the Wales 2, .4, 6, v gto.; but I usually prefer to carry `out the4 rst step by operating the instruments casting off the loops ,of the course c at wales 1,

8, 5, etc., insuccession.operating theremainin instruments in the same order, and therea er; that is to say, in the case' of the Wales 2, 4, etc. I perform the operations respectively wales 3, 5, etc. In this Way the first operation, which must be completed before the second peration begins, may be beingl per; forrngiat one part of theI fabric, while the other that 4t formed art of the fabric; and When I State e operations are successively per- I 'merely mean to imply that they after the preceding operations inl are performed in succession to each other with respect to neighborin -or nearby wales. Ordinarily it Will be su cient4 to operate the instruments, when the fabric isat'the stage indicated in Fig. 2, so that at the Wales l and 3 the loops of the course a, have been cast off' before the stretching operationl in Wale 2 is b egun, and before the loop pulling or knitting operation for Wale 2 and course i c is performed. It Will also be apparent that having fed a course of yarn such as thecourse c' in A Fig. 2 and then 'h 'avin m nipulatcd the loops' of,course b 'as s ovvgnv inFig. 3 to produce the result shown in Fig. 4, that it' isim'material Whether the completion pf the opcratiomshown in F ig. 5 by knittin ^the loops? of the even numbered wales torn-t .e course o through the now clongated loops of course a? is performed simultaneously with or in succession to, the

operation of elongating said 109135,

ilo

n;i the freely cast olf loops may be carried out they serve to maintain a requisite firmness, While on the other hand the large stitches are so large that they not only tend to make the fabric more porous, but materially reduce the weight per unit of the surface. i

lt will be understood that the drawings are diagrams only, failing to show, for the sake of clearness, the true relative size of the long and short loops, or their proportions vvith respect to the diameter of the yarn.

Having claim and ent isl:

1. The method of knitting a fab ic having all of its loops drawn toward the same face, and presenting regular alternations in both the needle Wales and yarn courses of large and small loops, which consists in knitting a course by successively first lnitting in each certain wales only a normally sized loop, and thereafter drawing upon the loop of a previous course in each of said certain Wales whereby said loops of Vsaid described my inventionx what I desire to secure by Letters Pct- `previous course are decreased in size; and

in thereafter reueating said operations in a subsequent course in a different order 'of Wales.

2. l iet'nod of knitting a fabric having recurrent ong and short loops drawn tothe same :face or 'the fabric, which consists in knitting s first course, in then knitting* loops in certain vraies only of a. second course, whereby the' loops in seid Wales of .the first course are treed from the instruments upon which they were formed, in then drawing upon the 5 and knitting at the location cringe; Wales, to shorten the loops ci said irst course in said certain Weis-s, in thon repeating the operaz. 1.10311.

The method olf knitting a fabric havce mi the fabric, which consists c :lirst course, in then knitting loops in in wales Vonly of a second Coursen?, t f t eloops in said Wales of the first cou. a 'eedy from the instruments upon which )y were formed, in then draw' y, mal size, loop which is thereafter to become a small loop, the operation including the castingot said loop on to the following loop, and then subsequently drawing excessvely upon the yarn and forming knit loops nt and short loops drawn t0- in wales preceding in the direction of for mation of said short-loop Wale, whereby the previous course loops in said preceding' wales take part of the yarn from and shorten the first formed loops; in repeating all of said operations in successive Wales to torni a course of loops, and in subsequently forming another course by repeating the operation.

5. The method of knitting' a fabricI having recurrent short and long loops, which conf sists in knitting a. course of yarn through previous course, all the loops being drawn to the same face of the fabric, in suhse- -(luently completing the operation by knita ting loops of a following course in certain predetermined Wales only, whereby some only of the loops of the first mentioned course are completed and cast off as stitches of a normal size, and in then drawing upon the yarn 'of the remaining loops oi' the iirst mentioned course to reduce in size said completed stitches, and thereafter knitting the remaining loops of said ollowin course.

6. The method of knitting e. faerie having recurrent short and'long loops, which consiste in knitting e, course of yarn through a previous course, in'subsequently completing the operation'by knitting loops of a following course in certainj redetermined Wales only, whereby some on y of the loops of the first mentioned course are completed and cest ofi' as stitches of a normal slze, and in in loops of the lirst mentioned course to re uce 1n size said completed stitches and` thereafter knitting, toward the same face of the fabric, the remaining loops of said tot lowing cours-o; f 4

7. The art of knitting fabrics having recurrent ssries of long;` and short loops which consists in first hittin e course including those loops' which are t ereater to become short loops, the operation comprising the casting on to the following loop ot a new course of each of seid loops, in subsequently drawin excessively upon, and then knitting; loops o said new course through the loops of the wales adjacent to the short loop wales, whereby said drown-upon loops taire part rof their am from and shorten the first mentione loops; and ill repeating all of said operations at diierent Wales in succes'- sive courses to forno recurrent long and short loops in 'each or" the Wales.

8. The art of knitting e. fabric upon a series of instruments, which consists in 'knittinby forming loops end casting them lo upon loops of a following course at each of certain alternate instruments or" the series only, in succession in'one direction, and in operating upon the ern at each instrument preceding in said direction those iirst operm ated. upon, otter the close of the iii-st opera tion, to draw upon the cast-on` stitch or loop,

then drawing upcnthe yarn of the remainp 'cess of the draft necessary for knitting anafter operating upon the yarn at the saine' instruments to form knit loops.-

' 9. The art of knitting a fabric having long and short loops in recurring Wales, Which consists in knitting first a course having normal loops ineach Wale which is to presen't a short stitch and then drawing upon the yarn at the location of the intervening loops to' elongate them to an extent in exother course, and to shorten said normal loops, prior to knitting through said long loops, and then knitting other courses.

10s The art of knitting a fabric havin@ long and short loops in rec ring Wales, an in a different order 1n recurring courses, which consists in knitting/:first a course having normal loops in each Wale which is to present a short stitch of said course and then drawing upon the yarn at an intervening loop to elongate said loop tov an extent in excess of the draft necessary for knitting another loop through said intervening loop and thereby to' shorten the previously formed stitches, prior to knitting through said elongated loop, and in then repeating;

tlie said operations for another course, but

in a different order of Wales.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name inthe presence of the subscribing Witnesses.

ROBERT W. SCOTT. VVitnes'ses W. L. Tor, ALBERT E. PAGE. 

